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| Content of Soil |
Content of Soil and Soil Characteristics
Land's body is decaying rocks and experience the process of formation continued. Minimum soil found at this time nothing is older than Tertiary and most established period of the Pleistocene.
The body is formed from a mixture of soil organic matter and minerals. Non-organic soil or mineral soil is formed from rocks that it contains minerals. In contrast, organic soil (Organosol / humosol) formed from the solidification of the organic material is degraded.
Organic soil is black and is a major shaper of peatlands and later can be coal. Organic soils tend to have high acidity because it contains several organic acids (humic substances) results in decomposition of various organic materials. The group is usually poor soil mineral, mineral supply comes from the flow of water or tissue decomposition of living things.
Organic soils can be planted because it has physical properties friable (nest) so that they can store enough water, but because it has high acidity most crops will yield limited and under optimum performance.
Non-organic soil is dominated by minerals. These minerals form the soil-forming particles.
Soil texture is determined by the composition of the three thus forming soil particles: sand, silt (dust), and clay. Sandy soil is dominated by sand, soil lempungan dominated by clay. Soil composition of sand, silt, and clay loam known as balanced (loam).
Ground color is a characteristic that is most remembered. Ground color varies from dark black, brown, brick red, orange, yellow, to white. In addition, the soil can have layers with different colors that contrast as a result of chemical processes (acidification) or washing (leaching).
Black or dark-colored soil often indicates the presence of organic matter is high, either due to weathering of vegetation and deposition processes in a swamp. Dark colors can also be caused by the presence of manganese, sulfur, and nitrogen. Reddish or yellowish ground color is usually caused by a high content of oxidized iron; different colors occur because of the formation of chemical process conditions. Atmosphere aerobic / oxidative produces a uniform color or gradual color changes, while anaerobic atmosphere / reductive take on the color patterns or colors Popcorn concentrated.
Soil structure is the physical characteristics of the soil that is formed from the composition of the aggregate (grain) of land and space antaragregat. Soil is composed of three phases: solid phase, liquid phase and gas phase. Liquid phase and the gas filling the space antaragregat. Soil structure depends on three factors making up this balance. Antaragregat space called porous (pore plural).
Good soil structure for root if large pores (macropore) filled with air and a small pore (micropore) filled with water. Loose soil (nest) have an aggregate large enough to macropore and micropore are balanced. Land is becoming increasingly tough in excess clay so lack macropore.